Nine Kings 1910

In May 1910, European royalty gathered in London for the funeral of King Edward VII. Among the mourners were nine reigning kings, who were photographed together in what very well may be the only photograph of nine reigning European kings ever taken. Of the nine sovereigns pictured, four would be deposed and one assassinated. Within five years, Britain and Belgium would be at war with Germany and Bulgaria. Only five of the nine monarchies represented still exist today: Norway, Spain (thanks to a restoration after nearly half a century without a king), the United Kingdom, Denmark, and Belgium. Oddly, the four sovereigns whose monarchies would not survive the twentieth century (Bulgaria, Portugal, Germany, and Greece) all stood together. It would not be possible to take a photograph of nine reigning European kings today, as there are only seven kingdoms remaining.


Standing, L-R: King Haakon VII of Norway, King Ferdinand I of Bulgaria, King Manuel II of Portugal, Emperor Wilhelm II of Germany (King of Prussia), King George I of Greece, King Albert I of Belgium.
Seated, L-R: King Alfonso XIII of Spain, King George V of the United Kingdom, King Frederik VIII of Denmark.

The Nine Kings in order of seniority:
CountrySovereignBornReignedDied
Greece King George I 24 December 1845 27 June 186318 March191318 March1913
Spain King Alfonso XIII 17 May 188617 May 188614 April193128 February1941
Bulgaria King Ferdinand I 26 February 1861 7 July 18873 October191810 September1948
Germany Emperor Wilhelm II 27 January 1859 15 June 188818 November19184 June1941
NorwayKing Haakon VII3 August187218 November190521 September195721 September1957
Denmark King Frederik VIII 3 June 1843 29 January 190614 May191214 May1912
PortugalKing Manuel II19 March18891 February19085 October19102 July1932
Belgium King Albert I8 April 187523 December 190917 February193417 February1934
United Kingdom King George V3 June 18656 May191020 January193620 January1936


If the photo were to have been recreated exactly one hundred years later, in May 2010, with all heirs to the nine kings assembled and sitting or standing in the same places, the following individuals would have been required, in most cases no more than two generations removed:

Standing, L-R: King Harald V of Norway (grandson of Haakon VII), King Simeon II of Bulgaria (grandson of Ferdinand I), Dom Duarte Duke of Braganza (third cousin once removed of Manuel II), Prince Georg Friedrich of Prussia (great-great-grandson of Wilhelm II), King Constantine II of Greece (great-grandson of George I), King Albert II of Belgium (grandson of Albert I).
Seated, L-R: King Juan Carlos I of Spain (grandson of Alfonso XIII), Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom (granddaughter of George V), Queen Margrethe II of Denmark (great-granddaughter of Frederik VIII).

The Nine Kings' Heirs a Century Later, in order of seniority:
CountrySovereign (or Claimant)BornReign(ed) (or Inherited Claim)Died
Bulgaria King Simeon II 16 June 1937 28 August194315 September1946
United KingdomQueen Elizabeth II21 April 19266 February 19528 September20228 September2022
GreeceKing Constantine II 6 June 19406 March19641 June 197310 January2023
DenmarkQueen Margrethe II16 April 1940 14 January 197214 January2024
SpainKing Juan Carlos I5 January 193822 November 197519 June2014
PortugalDom Duarte, Duke of Braganza 14 May194524 December1976
NorwayKing Harald V21 February 193717 January 1991
BelgiumKing Albert II6 June 19349 August199321 July2013
GermanyPrince Georg Friedrich of Prussia 10 June 197625 September1994


The Men's Seating Plan for a Dinner hosted by HM King George V at Buckingham Palace on May 19, 1910, for world leaders gathered in London for the Funeral of the late King Edward VII.

Prince Louis of Battenberg (1854-1921) Alexander, Duke of Fife (1849-1912) Adolphus, Duke of Teck (1868-1927)
Prince Albert of Schleswig-Holstein (1869-1931)
Prince Christopher of Greece (1888-1940)
Gaston, Count of Eu (1842-1922)
Prince Danilo of Montenegro (1871-1939)
Prince Johann Georg of Saxony (1869-1938)
Prince George of Cumberland (1880-1912)
Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919)
Prince Henry of Prussia (1862-1929)
Crown Prince Alexander of Serbia (1888-1934)
Crown Prince Constantine of Greece (1868-1923)
Hereditary Prince Yusuf Izzettin Efendi of Turkey (1857-1916)
King Manuel II of Portugal (1889-1932)
King George I of Greece (1845-1913)
King George V (1865-1936)
German Emperor Wilhelm II (1859-1941)
King Frederik VIII of Denmark (1843-1912)
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria (1863-1914)
Prince Fushimi Sadanaru of Japan (1858-1923)
Duke Albrecht of Württemberg (1865-1939)
Grand Duke Adolf Friedrich V of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (1848-1914)
Friedrich, Prince of Waldeck & Pyrmont (1865-1946)
Prince Mohamed Ali Pacha of Egypt (1875-1955)
Prince Maximilian of Baden (1867-1929)
Prince Ferdinand, Duke of Alençon (1844-1910)
Grand Duke Michael Mikhailovich of Russia (1861-1929)
Prince Bovaradej of Siam
Prince Louis of Orléans-Braganza (1878-1920)
Prince Wolrad of Waldeck (1892-1914)
Prince Pierre, Duke of Penthièvre (1845-1919)
Prince Arthur of Connaught (1883-1938)
Hereditary Grand Duke Adolf Friedrich of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (1882-1918)
Prince Andrew of Greece (1882-1944)
Stephen Pichon (1857-1933)
Prince Friedrich Karl, Landgrave of Hesse (1868-1940)
Prince Tsai-tao of China (1887-1970)
Prince Henry of the Netherlands (1876-1934)
Crown Prince Ferdinand of Romania (1865-1927)
Grand Duke Michael Alexandrovich of Russia (1878-1918)
King Ferdinand I of Bulgaria (1861-1948)
King Alfonso XIII of Spain (1886-1941)
Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught (1850-1942)
King Haakon VII of Norway (1872-1957)
King Albert I of the Belgians (1875-1934)
Prince Emanuele Filiberto, Duke of Aosta (1869-1931)
Prince Rupprecht of Bavaria (1869-1955)
Grand Duke Ernest of Hesse (1868-1937)
Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg & Gotha (1884-1954)
Prince Carl of Sweden (1861-1951)
Samad Khan Momtaz os-Saltaneh (1869-1955)
Prince Philip of Saxe-Coburg (1844-1921)
Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein (1831-1917)
Prince Emanuel, Duke of Vendôme (1872-1931)
Prince Leopold of Saxe-Coburg (1867-1922)
Prince Alexander of Battenberg (1886-1960)
Prince Francis of Teck (1870-1910) John, Duke of Argyll (1845-1914) Prince Alexander of Teck (1874-1957)


First Column at Left, Top to Bottom: King Frederik VIII of Denmark, Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, Prince Fushimi of Japan, Princess Victoria (1868-1935), King Manuel II of Portugal.
Second Column: Queen Mary (1867-1953), Queen Maud of Norway (1869-1938), Prince Arthur Duke of Connaught.
Centre Column: Queen Alexandra (1844-1925), Dowager Empress Maria Feodorovna of Russia (1847-1928).
Fourth Column: King George V, Princess Louise Duchess of Fife (1867-1931), Kaiser Wilhelm II.
Fifth Column at Right: King Haakon VII of Norway, King George I of Greece, Prince Henry of the Netherlands, Beatrice Princess Henry of Battenberg (1857-1944), King Alfonso XIII of Spain.




1910: The Peak of Kingship
European Sovereigns, 1910
European Monarchs, Consorts, and Heirs, 1910
Belle Epoque Rulers
European Sovereigns
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