Country | Sovereign | Born | Acceded | Consort (born) | Heir (born) |
Austro-Hungarian Empire | Emperor Franz Joseph I | 18 Aug 1830 | 2 Dec 1848 | Archduke Franz Ferdinand (1863) | |
Principality of Liechtenstein | Prince Johann II | 5 Oct 1840 | 12 Nov 1858 | Prince Franz (1853) | |
Kingdom of Montenegro | King Nikola I | 7 Oct 1841 | 13 Aug 1860 | Queen Milena (1847) | Crown Prince Danilo (1871) |
Kingdom of Romania | King Carol I | 20 Apr 1839 | 20 Apr 1866 | Queen Elisabeth (1843) | Crown Prince Ferdinand (1865) |
Kingdom of Spain | King Alfonso XIII | 17 May 1886 | 17 May 1886 | Queen Victoria Eugenie (1887) | Infante Alfonso, Prince of Asturias (1907) |
Kingdom of Bulgaria | King Ferdinand I | 26 Feb 1861 | 7 Jul 1887 | Queen Eleonore (1860) | Crown Prince Boris (1894) |
German Empire | Emperor Wilhelm II | 27 Jan 1859 | 15 Jun 1888 | Empress Auguste (1858) | Crown Prince Wilhelm (1882) |
Principality of Monaco | Prince Albert I | 13 Nov 1848 | 10 Sep 1889 | Her. Prince Louis (1870) | |
Kingdom of the Netherlands |
Queen Wilhelmina | 31 Aug 1880 | 23 Nov 1890 | Prince Hendrik (1876) | Princess Juliana (1909) |
Russian Empire | Emperor Nicholas II | 18 May 1868 | 1 Nov 1894 | Empress Alexandra (1872) | Tsarevich Alexei (1904) |
Kingdom of Italy | King Victor Emanuel III | 11 Nov 1869 | 29 Jul 1900 | Queen Helena (1873) | Crown Prince Umberto (1904) |
Kingdom of Serbia | King Peter I | 11 Jul 1844 | 12 Jun 1903 | Crown Prince Alexander (1888) | |
Kingdom of Norway | King Haakon VII | 3 Aug 1872 | 18 Nov 1905 | Queen Maud (1869) | Crown Prince Olav (1903) |
Kingdom of Sweden | King Gustaf V | 16 Jun 1858 | 8 Dec 1907 | Queen Victoria (1862) | Crown Prince Gustaf Adolf (1882) |
Ottoman Empire | Sultan Mehmed V | 2/3 Nov 1844 | 27 Apr 1909 | Crown Prince Yusuf Izzettin Efendi (1857) | |
Kingdom of Belgium | King Albert I | 8 Apr 1875 | 23 Dec 1909 | Queen Elisabeth (1876) | Prince Leopold, Duke of Brabant (1901) |
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland | King George V | 3 Jun 1865 | 6 May 1910 | Queen Mary (1867) | Prince Edward, Prince of Wales (1894) |
Grand Duchy of Luxemburg | Grand Duchess Marie Adelaide | 14 Jun 1894 | 25 Feb 1912 | Princess Charlotte (1896) | |
Kingdom of Denmark | King Christian X | 26 Sep 1870 | 14 May 1912 | Queen Alexandrine (1879) | Crown Prince Frederik (1899) |
Kingdom of Greece | King Constantine I | 2 Aug 1868 | 18 Mar 1913 | Queen Sophie (1870) | Crown Prince George (1890) |
Principality of Albania | Prince Vidi I | 26 Mar 1876 | 7 Mar 1914 | Princess Sophie (1885) | Her. Prince Carol Victor (1913) |