Country | Sovereign | Born | Acceded | Consort (born) | Heir (born) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Empire_of_Austria.svg/200px-Imperial_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Empire_of_Austria.svg.png) Austro-Hungarian Empire | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Emperor_Francis_Joseph.jpg/200px-Emperor_Francis_Joseph.jpg) Emperor Franz Joseph I | 18 Aug 1830 | 2 Dec 1848 | | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Franz_ferdinand.jpg/200px-Franz_ferdinand.jpg) Archduke Franz Ferdinand (1863) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Staatswappen-Liechtensteins.svg/200px-Staatswappen-Liechtensteins.svg.png) Principality of Liechtenstein | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/JohannesII.jpg) Prince Johann II | 5 Oct 1840 | 12 Nov 1858 | | ![](http://s020.radikal.ru/i703/1510/06/2a20a41f044e.jpg) Prince Franz (1853) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Principality_of_Montenegro.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Principality_of_Montenegro.svg.png)
Principality of Montenegro | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/King_Nikola_of_Montenegro.jpg) Prince Nikola I | 7 Oct 1841 | 13 Aug 1860 | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Queen_of_Montenegro.jpg/200px-Queen_of_Montenegro.jpg) Princess Milena (1847) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Crown_Prince_Danilo_of_Montenegro.jpg/200px-Crown_Prince_Danilo_of_Montenegro.jpg) Her. Prince Danilo (1871) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Greece_%281863-1936%29.svg/200px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_Greece_%281863-1936%29.svg.png) Kingdom of Greece | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/King_George_of_Hellenes.jpg/200px-King_George_of_Hellenes.jpg) King George I | 24 Dec 1845 | 27 Jun 1863 | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Olga_of_Greece_VI_restoration.jpg/200px-Olga_of_Greece_VI_restoration.jpg) Queen Olga (1851) | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/80/Crown_Prince_Constantine_of_Greece,_1890s.jpg) Crown Prince Constantine (1868) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Great_coat_of_arms_of_Belgium.svg/200px-Great_coat_of_arms_of_Belgium.svg.png) Kingdom of Belgium | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Leopold_ii_garter_knight.jpg/200px-Leopold_ii_garter_knight.jpg) King Leopold II | 9 Apr 1835 | 17 Dec 1865 | | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/King_Albert_of_Belg._%28i.e.%2C_Belgium%29_in_America_LCCN2014697827.jpg/200px-King_Albert_of_Belg._%28i.e.%2C_Belgium%29_in_America_LCCN2014697827.jpg) Prince Albert (1875) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Kingdom_of_Romania_-_1881_CoA.svg/200px-Kingdom_of_Romania_-_1881_CoA.svg.png) Kingdom of Romania | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/64/Carol_I_King_of_Romania.jpg) King Carol I | 20 Apr 1839 | 20 Apr 1866 | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Queen_Elizabeth_of_Romania.jpg/200px-Queen_Elizabeth_of_Romania.jpg) Queen Elisabeth (1843) | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Ferdinand_Crown_Prince_of_Roumenia_1895_Uhlenhuth.jpg) Crown Prince Ferdinand (1865) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281882%E2%80%931922%29.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Ottoman_Empire_%281882%E2%80%931922%29.svg.png) Ottoman Empire | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Portrait_of_Abdul_Hamid_II_of_the_Ottoman_Empire.jpg/200px-Portrait_of_Abdul_Hamid_II_of_the_Ottoman_Empire.jpg) Sultan Abdul Hamid II | 22 Sep 1842 | 31 Aug 1876 | | |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Escudo_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28mazonado%29.svg/200px-Escudo_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28mazonado%29.svg.png)
Kingdom of Spain | ![](https://c1.staticflickr.com/2/1058/4598700336_af81cbb4d9_z.jpg)
King Alfonso XIII | 17 May 1886 | 17 May 1886 | | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Mar%C3%ADa_de_las_Mercedes_de_Borb%C3%B3n_y_Habsburgo-Lorena.JPG/200px-Mar%C3%ADa_de_las_Mercedes_de_Borb%C3%B3n_y_Habsburgo-Lorena.JPG) Infanta Mercedes, Princess of Asturias (1880) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Larger_State_Achievement_of_Bulgaria_1908-1946.svg/200px-Larger_State_Achievement_of_Bulgaria_1908-1946.svg.png) Principality of Bulgaria | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Zar_Ferdinand_Bulgarien.jpg/200px-Zar_Ferdinand_Bulgarien.jpg) Prince Ferdinand I | 26 Feb 1861 | 7 Jul 1887 | | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/BASA-3K-15-632-8-Boris_III_of_Bulgaria.jpeg) Her. Prince Boris (1894) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Wappen_Deutsches_Reich_-_Reichswappen_%28Grosses%29.svg/200px-Wappen_Deutsches_Reich_-_Reichswappen_%28Grosses%29.svg.png) German Empire | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Bain_News_Service_-_The_Library_of_Congress_-_Kaiser_Wilhelm_%28LOC%29_%28pd%29.jpg/200px-Bain_News_Service_-_The_Library_of_Congress_-_Kaiser_Wilhelm_%28LOC%29_%28pd%29.jpg) Emperor Wilhelm II | 27 Jan 1859 | 15 Jun 1888 | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-01286%2C_Kaiserin_Auguste_Viktoria.jpg/200px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-01286%2C_Kaiserin_Auguste_Viktoria.jpg) Empress Auguste (1858) | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Germany_Before_the_First_World_War_1890_-_1914_HU68364.jpg/200px-Germany_Before_the_First_World_War_1890_-_1914_HU68364.jpg) Crown Prince Wilhelm (1882) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Coat_of_arms_of_Monaco.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Monaco.svg.png)
Principality of Monaco | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Prince_Albert_I_of_Monaco_-_circa_1910.jpg/200px-Prince_Albert_I_of_Monaco_-_circa_1910.jpg) Prince Albert I | 13 Nov 1848 | 10 Sep 1889 | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Princess_Alice_of_Monaco_15636v.jpg/200px-Princess_Alice_of_Monaco_15636v.jpg) Princess Alice (1858) | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Prince_Louis_II_of_Monaco_05670r.jpg/220px-Prince_Louis_II_of_Monaco_05670r.jpg) Her. Prince Louis (1870) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Portugal_%281640-1910%29.png/200px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Portugal_%281640-1910%29.png) Kingdom of Portugal | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/D._Carlos_-_A._Roque_Gameiro_%281902%29.png/200px-D._Carlos_-_A._Roque_Gameiro_%281902%29.png) King Carlos I | 28 Sep 1863 | 19 Oct 1889 | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Rainha_Amelia.jpg/200px-Rainha_Amelia.jpg) Queen Amelia (1865) | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/SAR_Luis_Filipe.jpg/200px-SAR_Luis_Filipe.jpg) Crown Prince Luis Filipe (1887) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/State_coat_of_arms_of_the_Netherlands.svg/200px-State_coat_of_arms_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png) Kingdom of the Netherlands |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_Schwartze_013.jpg/200px-Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_Schwartze_013.jpg) Queen Wilhelmina | 31 Aug 1880 | 23 Nov 1890 | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Prince_Henry_of_Holland.jpg/200px-Prince_Henry_of_Holland.jpg) Prince Hendrik (1876) | ![](../images/germany/WilhelmErnst.jpg) Wilhelm Ernst, Her. Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (1876) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_Russian_empire.png/200px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_the_Russian_empire.png) Russian Empire | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Nicholas_II_by_Boissonnas_%26_Eggler_c1909.jpg/200px-Nicholas_II_by_Boissonnas_%26_Eggler_c1909.jpg) Emperor Nicholas II | 18 May 1868 | 1 Nov 1894 | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Alexandra_Fyodorovna_LOC_01137u.jpg/200px-Alexandra_Fyodorovna_LOC_01137u.jpg) Empress Alexandra (1872) | ![](https://s-media-cache-ak0.pinimg.com/236x/c2/80/4e/c2804eb9b19c099d8bf1f92a846ab1f0.jpg) Tsarevich Alexei (1904) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281890%29.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Kingdom_of_Italy_%281890%29.svg.png)
Kingdom of Italy | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/Brogi%2C_Carlo_%281850-1925%29_-_Vittorio_Emanuele_III_di_Savoia.jpg) King Victor Emanuel III | 11 Nov 1869 |
29 Jul 1900 | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-00061%2C_Elena_von_Montenegro.jpg/200px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-00061%2C_Elena_von_Montenegro.jpg) Queen Helena (1873) | ![](http://farm5.static.flickr.com/4014/4327737692_419fe022b0_m.jpg) Crown Prince Umberto (1904) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/200px-Royal_Coat_of_Arms_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png) United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland | ![](http://www.nndb.com/people/906/000068702/edward-vii-sm.jpg) King Edward VII | 9 Nov 1841 | 22 Jan 1901 | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Dowager_Queen_Alexandra.jpg) Queen Alexandra (1844) | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Kinggeorgev1928.jpg/200px-Kinggeorgev1928.jpg) Prince George, Prince of Wales (1865) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Royal_Coat_of_arms_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg/200px-Royal_Coat_of_arms_of_Serbia_%281882%E2%80%931918%29.svg.png) Kingdom of Serbia | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Peter_I_of_Serbia_%28Rotary_Photo_7119_A%29.jpg/200px-Peter_I_of_Serbia_%28Rotary_Photo_7119_A%29.jpg) King Peter I | 11 Jul 1844 | 12 Jun 1903 | | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Prince_George_of_Serbia.jpg/200px-Prince_George_of_Serbia.jpg) Crown Prince George (1887) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Coat_of_arms_of_Luxembourg.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Luxembourg.svg.png) Grand Duchy of Luxemburg | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Guillaume_IV_of_Luxembourg.png) Grand Duke Guillaume IV | 22 Apr 1852 | 17 Nov 1905 | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/MarieAnna.jpg) Grand Duchess Maria Anna (1861) | ![](http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-rEWAPp3oARE/U6z7ebnK-RI/AAAAAAAAee8/MHGwpPQ7gHI/s1600/Erbherzogin_Maria_Adelheid_1909.jpg) Princess Marie Adelaide (1894) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Greater_royal_coat_of_arms_of_Norway.svg/200px-Greater_royal_coat_of_arms_of_Norway.svg.png)
Kingdom of Norway | ![](http://media.web.britannica.com/eb-media/11/11311-004-5A553740.jpg) King Haakon VII | 3 Aug 1872 | 18 Nov 1905 | ![](http://www.rednecklatte.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Queen-Maud-of-Norway.jpg) Queen Maud (1869) | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Kronprins_Olav_OB.F04657.jpg/200px-Kronprins_Olav_OB.F04657.jpg) Crown Prince Olav (1903) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark.svg/200px-Royal_coat_of_arms_of_Denmark.svg.png) Kingdom of Denmark | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Frederik_VIII_of_Denmark_1909.jpg/200px-Frederik_VIII_of_Denmark_1909.jpg) King Frederik VIII | 3 Jun 1843 | 29 Jan 1906 | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Dowager_Queen_of_Denmark.jpg/200px-Dowager_Queen_of_Denmark.jpg) Queen Louise (1851) | ![](../images/Christian10CP.jpg) Crown Prince Christian (1870) |
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Greater_coat_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg/200px-Greater_coat_of_arms_of_Sweden.svg.png)
Kingdom of Sweden | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Gustav_V_around_1916.jpg/200px-Gustav_V_around_1916.jpg) King Gustaf V | 16 Jun 1858 | 8 Dec 1907 | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Queenvictorias.jpg/200px-Queenvictorias.jpg) Queen Victoria (1862) | ![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-00167%2C_Kronprinz_Gustav_VI._Adolf.jpg) Crown Prince Gustaf Adolf (1882) |